Arxmides

Arxmides neɣ Arcimides (s tagrikit taqburt : Ἀρχιμήδης, s talatint : Archimedes), illul deg ahat 287 Uqbel Ɛisa deg Sičilya, yemmut deg 212/211 Uqbel Ɛisa deg Sičilya daɣen, d amusnak ed amesnulfu i mucaɛen maḍi deg Legrik tagelsant.

Asunaɣ n Arxmides (deg ahat 1620).

Tudert

Arxmides yezdeɣ tuget n tudert-is deg Syrakusa (d tamdint tagrikit meqqren akk deg Sičilya), anda yella d imqerreb n ugellid-is Hieron II. Yella icɣel-d d inadiyen ussnan deg waṭas n taɣulin em tanzeggit, tasengama ed tmikanikt. Yella yetturar tamlilt d taxatart deg aḥuddu n Syrakusa mgal yirumyen deg 213 Üqbel Ɛisa (yebna tinaεurin n ṭṭrad), deffir irumyen kecmen ɣar Syrakusa deg 212 neɣ 211 Uqbel Ɛisa, irumyen i t-yenɣan Arxmides deg tamdint-is.

Ayen yexdem

Arxmides yufa-d wassaɣ ger tajumma ed ubleɣ n takurt ed awlellu-is, yufa-d daɣen umenzay n Arxmides ed tafetlit n Arxmides.

Ɣef takurt ed awlellu

Takurt ed awlellu n Arxmides.

Deg sin n yidlisen Arxmides yessken : Tajumma n ayen tellan takurt (aqqaṛ-is $r$) teɛdil uqus (rebɛa) tikkelt n tajumma n tawinest-is tameqqerant : ($4\pi r^{2}\,$). Ableɣ n takurt yeɛdil sin n ttlut (${\frac {2}{3}}$) n ubleɣ n awlellu-is : ${\frac {4}{3}}\pi r^{3}$.

Ableɣ n awlellu (i yesɛan llsas-is yeɛdil tawinest tameqqerant n takurt, ed asawen-is yeɛdel ukdu n takurt-nni) d yeɛdel kraḍ tikkelt azgen (${\frac {3}{2}}$) n ubleɣ n takurt-nni, ed tajumma n awlellu-nni teɛdel daɣen kraḍ tikkelt azgen (${\frac {3}{2}}$) n tajumma n takurt-nni.

Umenzay n Arxmides

Umenzay n Arxmides.

Umenzay n Arxmides.

Asaḍuf n tasengama ad d-teskan : anda tella tafekka yebbeẓ (uzgen neɣ merra) deg amazzal neɣ lgaz, ittemlili-d tadusi s ukessar ɣer usawen, teɛdel azuk n umazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes s tafekka-nni, ed ableɣ n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes yeɛdel ubleɣ n tafekka-nni.

$$F_{a}=\rho gV$$

$F_{a}$ : tadusi n itekk-d nnig amazzal.

$\rho$ : tneẓẓi.

$g$ : ameɣlal n tajebda.

$V$ : ableɣ n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes.

$\rho =m/V$ ⇒ $m=\rho V$ ⇒ $F_{a}=m_{a}g$ ; akked $m_{a}$ : tneẓẓi n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes.

⇒ $m_{a}g=W$ ; akked $W$ : azuk n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes.

$$F_{a}=W$$

Tafetlit n Arxmides

Tafetlit n Arxmides

Arxmides i d-yesnulfan tafetlit-is (tafetlit n Arxmides); d tnaεurt tella i wakken ad tessnekreḍ aman, d yiwent seg talɣiwin n ujeɛbub deg-s talɣa n tafetlit yekna akked tiɣmeṛt n ahat 45 n tfesniwin (45°) yebbeɣ deg waman ɣer yixef-is amedda. Amussu n tnaεurt-nni yessuli aman deg ujeɛbub.