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'''Ḥmed Umerri''', seg yisem-is unṣib '''Ḥmed BelεidBelɛid''', aẓar-is yekka-d seg Yemrabḍen n W[[at Bu-Waddu]] (deg [[Iwaḍiyen]]).
Ilul deg tagara n tmiḍa tis 19 (19th Century) deg Wat bu-Waddu.
Tayri-s i Tlelli d ukasan mgal lbaṭel, wwin-t ar wannar n umennuγumennuɣ. Mi yebda Umerri tagrawla, yella d aqemmar, syin yetti-tt ar umakkar. Amakkar n wat-nnif akken i s-semman [[leQbayel]] deg wussan-nni. I-tt-ikkes-asen adrim i wid yesεanyesɛan, yettferriq-iten γefɣef imaγbanimaɣban.
Yiwen seg iserdasen n Fransa, isemma-yas « Robin des Bois n tmurt n leQbayel ». Iga tarbaεttarbaɛt wiked igezzen iberdan i tkeryas , ger-asen yella Wasel εliɛli. DγaDɣa d aneggaru0ya i t-izenzen i Fransa.
[[Krim Belqasem]], yewwet yewwet almi i yeqbel Umerri ad ittekki di l [[OAS]], dγadɣa deg wussan-nni kan i ten-nγannɣan.
Wasel εliɛli-nni dγadɣa, yettwaṭef kra iseggasen di taẓult. Iserdasen n Fransa, budden-as s tkerkas almi i s-sekcem deg uqerru, belli tameṭṭut-is iẓer-itt Ḥmed Umerri.
Si zεafzɛaf akk d ukasan, yeqbel ad yeddu d Irumyen akken a sen-izenz Umerri.
Umerri yemmut s temrigin (rṣaṣ) deg useggas 1947 deg iεezzuneniɛezzunen deg wexxam n [[εliɛli Wasel]]
==Tameddurt-is==
===Temẓi-s===
Ilul Umerri di taddart At JjimaεJjimaɛ n temnaḍt n At Buaddu deg Iwaḍiyen. Ur ufiɣ ara anwa assegwass i deg ilul maca imi deg udlis n Useddiq inna-d d akken ikcem ar laεeskarlaɛeskar gar usegwass n 1937 d 1939 imi yufad-t-id ttrad amaḍlan wis-sin d aserdas di tnezruft. Imiren ɣur-es 20 isegwasen, nezmer ad nenni ihi d akken illul-d gar usegwas n 1917 d 1919.
Ass-mi illa d aqrur, itturar akw d tezyiwin-is di taddart uraren-nni n warrac n zik: tuqemca tufra, timqarqart, tiqqar, tebbib, atg. Yiwen wass, iṭṭef abrid iteddu s axxam, imlal-d ultma-s tettru, acebbub irwi war timeḥremt u isteqsa-tt: dacu i kem yuɣen? terra yas: d Aḥsen at I*... iyi-ewwten. Umerri xas d aqrur, xas akken meẓẓi u rqiq ɣef Aḥsen, ibarrez fell-as u ifka-yas tiyita s uqerruy isexnunes-it di tmurt. Limer ur as-tekkisen ara gar ifassen-is yelli atan ikkes-as ṛṛuḥ.
Tewweḍ ihi taluft ar tejmaεttejmaɛt, baba-s n Aḥsen iggul ar d-yerr ttar ittwaksen ɣef mmi-s. Baba-s Umerri diɣen iggul kif-kif imi inna yasen di tejmaεttejmaɛt ‘ihi ay tadart taluft tewweḍ ar tmegwḥal’. Maca imɣaren n taddart urzen-ten u rrant-ten-id s abrid dɣa teqqim kan akken taluft. D akud d tatut i tt-ifran.
Maca xas ur meqqwert ara taluft-a gar twaculin n Ḥmed d tin n Aḥsen, tejja-yas-d i Ḥmed terzeg deg imi. Ahat imiren i igza d akken taɣdemt d tayett u win ur nesεinesɛi tayett ad tt-yecc d taṣemmaḍt.
Baba-s Umerri d amɣid ixedmen tamurt am netta am medden di tallit-nni. Seg-mi id-illa umennuɣ-agi d Aḥsen, iteddu akw d baba-s ar llexla u ixeddem yid-s. Issassay-ed s axxam am argaz.
===Amek iteddu kan iman-is===
Xas akken ihi ṭaqa n wakud-is isεeddayisɛedday-it di tferka ar yidis n baba-s, mi yufa kan cwiṭ n wakud i yiman-is ad inser ar teẓgi ad iḥewwes neɣ ad icali. Ad yekk akw ibardan d wezzu, isafen d ixarban n taddart acku iḥemmel ad eqqim iman-is. Ittaf iman-is mi ara yelli iman-is kan deg umadaɣ. Itxemmim aṭas. Aṭas n wid t-iẓran afus ɣef lḥenk icexc deg ilem. Mi ara yilli ihi iman-is, allaɣ-is itezzi am tẓarbuḍt.
Win igan lmendad ɣef wamek illa di temẓi-s ad yaf ur imgarad ara ɣef wamek illa di temɣer. Izga di teẓgi u azday d waṭas n medden ur as essin tikli! Agwlaf ur as-yufi anamek!
===Di TemγaṛTemɣaṛ===
Idda ussegwass ɣef wayeḍ, imed aṭas Umerri. Tazmert am ulɣwem. Ccurent tuyat-is, nnernan ifassen d iɣalen-is, tebda-t-id tamart u taɣwect-is tuɣal tesharhur cwiṭ, zuret. Mi i t-iwala akken baba-s, inna yas yiwen wass mi itetten imensi:
- A mmi! Bɣiɣ ad iyi tsaεfeḍtsaɛfeḍ ar ssuq n Buɣni.
Yemma-s diɣen teddem awal u tenna-s
- Yak a mmi tura kecc mmeqwreḍ u ula d nek bɣiɣ a k-id walin medden yerna ilaq ad txedmeḍ axxam tura!
- Atan ilha a mmi! Maca ur qqar ara ur yelli dacu ara texdmeḍ di temdint! Ilaq ad tessineḍ amek teddunt temsal di ssuq. Ad tlemdeḍ amek znuzun d wamek ttaɣen medden. Ad twaliḍ diɣen amek dren medden di temdint. Xarttum macci d yiwet i ɣef a t-fajj tiṭ-ik!
Azekka-nni di tafrara zrin ar ssuq n Buɣni. Dinna, ifka yas baba-s cwiṭ umesṛuf u msefhamen anda ara mlilen tameddit mi ara yefru ssuq. Umeri iddem abrid-is iteddu, ittemdeggar d imsewqen. Kan akka izga yas-d yiwen uterras anect-ilat deg ubrid u irra ad ittuεeddiittuɛeddi fell-as. Maca Umerri ur asent-ittanef ara i tigi. IwesseεIwesseɛ ifka-yas tiyita ar ibeṛdi. Ixmemmi din di tmurt uterras-nni amcum. Dɣa Umerri inser irwel ad iffer. Kra iḥedren din ssexcen ad feṛzen anwa-t akka uqcic-agi iṣṣemken aterras s yiwet n tyita? Yerna aterras-nni ittwasen di ssuq n Buɣni u ttagwaden-t medden. Di tallit-nni qqaren medden fella-s isεaisɛa lhiba. Di taddart-is ttargigin medden mi ara t-walin.
Syin ikcem Umerri ar lqahwa, iswa ttay. Iṭṭef abrid-is ar yiwet n tḥanutt yuɣed laḥlawat d tẓidanin i watmaten-is (ɣur-es yiwen gma-s d yiwet n ultma-s) u idda ittrajju baba-s. Tameddit, mi-id-uɣalen, ur t-id yuli wawal ɣef umennuɣ-a di ṛṛehba n ssuq. D baba-s, ar imesni, id-immuchen i at wexxam ayen iwala di ssuq. Ḥmed irra iman-is am akken ur ḍrint: ur iḥdir ur iwala. Icca am netta am at wexxam bu-zelluf, imi akka igan wansayen n tmurt: ass amenzu ara yekcem uqcic ar ssuq, nefqen-d at wexxam u ttaɣen-d aqerruy n uzgar. Am akken ttagan-as tameɣra i win yuɣalen d amuqwran, d argaz!
Idda akken cwiṭ n wakud, Ḥmed izga iman-is kan. Ur iteddu d yiwen, ur isḍuqqut awal d yiwen. Ayen ilaq-en kan ayen nniḍen akw d ashetref. Izga di teẓgi d waylaten nsen di taddart.
Ihi iεyaiɛya cwiṭ deg iman-is dɣa yiwen yiḍ inna i imawlan-is d akken ad iruḥ ar tamdint ad inadi amahil as d-iskecmen cwiṭ usurdi. Imawlan-is ddan-as kan di lebɣi. Azekka-nni di tefrara, ezzi abernus ɣef tuyat-is, icca-tt-id di Buɣni. Simi issers iḍaren-is di temdint yuzel ar lqahwa ad issu ttay. Issexc akw di medden acku iḥsa d akken wid izedɣen di temdint mgaraden cwiṭ ɣef wid id-yusan seg udrar. Imesdurar di temdint ttkukrun ula d tili nsen. Maca di tilawt iḥsa kif-kif-iten akw.
Ites ihi ttay itmuqul di medden, dɣa immeslay i yiwen uqcic iqqimen iman-is diɣen ar tama-s:
- Ak-selkaɣ lqahwa ay ameddakul? Aqcic-nni irra-yas-d awal:
- Ur ttagwiɣ ara ay ameddakul!
Dɣa mmeslayen akken cwiṭ anwa-k, ansi dd-kkiḍ, ansi d-usiḍ, almi d ewḍen ar taluft umahil. Inna yas Umerri aqli ara ttnadiɣ aɣrum-iw dagi. Aqcic-nni, Muḥand Areẓqi, irra yas: “ak awiɣ ad txedmeɣ ar xali di lkuca maca ɣur-ek dagi medden ssexdamen iẓawaliyen war ma fkan asen ayen id-ḥella tidi nsen. Illa zzur d lbaṭel”. Muḥand Areẓqi d aneɣmas n PPA (Akabar n Ugdud Azzayri n Messali Lḥajj) u tektiwin n tegrawla rrekemnt di tmelɣiɣt-is am ibawen di teccuyt.
Fɣen ihi si lqehwa, uɣen abrid ar lkuca n Dda ΣacurƐacur. Deg ubrid, awal ɣef medden d iqqeddacen iṛumyen izga ɣef yimi n Muḥand Areẓqi. Immel-yas-d akw amek ttwasknan yergazen di BuγniBuɣni, amek ttwaṛzan kra n wid d-yuli wawal γefɣef war-tiγdemttiɣdemt d miḥyaf.
Ixdem akken ihi Umerri kra n wussan ar Dda ΣacurƐacur di BuγniBuɣni, ar xali-s n Muḥand Areẓqi, u yiwen wass ikker yurag ar Umecras ad icali cwiṭ. Lqahwa tamezwarut i iwala ikcem γurɣur-es. Yufa din Muḥand Areẓqi isekkef ttay. Swan akken-nni yiwet n tγellayttɣellayt, qeṣren cwiṭ. Muḥand Areẓqi imiren yuki d nnda mi tekkat u awal asertan izga deg imi-s. Ikkat di Lqayed d Ccambiṭ d wid akw itetten deg fus uṛumi d wid iεefseniɛefsen aẓawali d ugellil. Xas akken, Umerri ur icekcem ara aγbwelaɣbwel i temsal-a, iγiliɣil d tiqwulhatin n wid izedγenizedɣen di temdint. D tawat kan d wayen txeddem wanag win illuẓen ilha kan d uγrumuɣrum-is. Yerna kra d-inna Muḥand Areẓqi inna-yas-t-id yagi di BuγniBuɣni ass-mi mlalen tikkelt tamenzut. Umerri itett-it kan s wallen ittecmumux. Inna deg ul-is : aqcic-a yuγyuɣ-itent! Yerna am tfunast ittara di llifeẓ!
IffeγIffeɣ-d ihi si lqahwa-nni u imlal-d Ccambiṭ bu uεekkwazuɛekkwaz γefɣef umnar n tewwurt. Ccambiṭ, abernus azegzaw ittejgugul γefɣef uzagur-is d ukras n unyir, ittwassen deg Umecras d yir sekka imi iḥeqqer medden u izga isrusuy d tirect kra n win ur nezmir ad yerr tiyita. Irna medden s tmerna n tfunast akken qqaren at zik. Ula d tineggura yagi akken ad issusem uqcic iccebwlen imawlan-is qqaren-as: "ssusem ad t-aya Ccambiṭ!" DγaDɣa aqcic ad ikmumes di tesga ad irked. YuγalYuɣal ihi Ccambiṭ d aberaεruεaberaɛruɛ neγneɣ ugar: d amaεmucamaɛmuc!
ImmeγImmeɣ Ccambiṭ ihi iṣṣemek Umerri s uεekkwazuɛekkwaz. Umerri inkaḥ amzun d aqjun ittewten, imzaraz. Ikker, izdi lqed-is u ifka yas tiyita ar tgeẓẓal d tayeḍ ar umayeg u Ccambiṭ icca-tt-id deg ubaluz ittnazaεittnazaɛ. Itti iman-is am llufan. Ixnunes. IγliIɣli wanza-s γefɣef umnar!
Umerri irwel, yuzel u yuγalyuɣal ar BuγniBuɣni s tufra. D yiwen b-ukamyun i t-iselken imi γefɣef tiṭ-is kra d-iḍran gar-as d CCambiṭ. Mi ewweḍ ar BuγniBuɣni, xas akken izwar-it wawal n wayen d-iḍran deg Umecras yuzel ar lkuca ad iddem lqec-is. Ur inni awal i Dda ΣacurƐacur xas akken wagi isla, iẓra ayen iḍran. Yerna bu-lkuca, udem ur as fkin ara, ur isetḥa ur iwwura: simi tefka tewwurt Umerri issaweḍ awal i yemsulṭa. Akka i d tagmatt n wid isuzuren udem!
IffeγIffeɣ si lkuca, iṭṭef rif-rif n ubrid almi d ijufar d BuγniBuɣni. Tiṭ-is γefɣef ubrid ukarrus ittmuqul ma illa win ara t-yawin ar Tizi. Akken kan ihi atan iteddu-d yiwen ukamyun, izwer-as ar ubrid Umerri ittwehi-yas ad iḥbess s sin iffasen. Iḥbes ukamyun, msefhamen γefɣef ssuma akken ad iddu yid-s ar Tizi u irkeb ar deffir.Umerri inna-yas nek d SaεidSaɛid, SaεidSaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer. Bab-ukamyun irra yas “ atan a SaεidSaɛid ma illa win iγiɣ-d iḥebsen kecc d axeddam-iw”. Akken dγadɣa id-teḍra, ar tewwurt n Tizi Uzzu, ttwaḥebsen, Umerri d axeddam n bu-kamyun u isεeddaisɛedda taswiεttaswiɛt akken. Ula d netta s timad-is, mi-d fγenfɣen cwiṭ i BuγniBuɣni, is-teqsa-t-id yiwen seg ijjadarmiyen i wumi ssaweḍ Dda ΣacurƐacur awal, ma iwala neγneɣ essen Ḥmed Umerri. Umerri irra iman-is εitɛit-εitɛit.
===Timlilit d SaεidSaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer di Tizi Wezzu===
Di Tizi wezzu, imi mazal ttnadin fell-as yemsulṭa iṛumyen d iγalleniɣallen nsen gar Iqbayliyen, ijja kan isem-nni n SaεidSaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer akken ad ifer yis. Yufa-d amahil ar yiwen Uṛumi mi ssawalen Jean. Jean isedday di Tizi yiwet n taṛmist n uxnac u isexdem Umerri akken as tt-ittεasaittɛasa. D amahil fessusen i umesdrar.
Umerri am zik-is kan. Ur sḍuqqut awal, ur isεiisɛi imeddukal. Ula d ucci d wid itefγenitefɣen is-t-id-ittawin si berra. Ula d Arrumi-nni akeswaḥ isker-s aγwbelaɣwbel u isteqsa-t yiwen wass:
- A SsaεidSsaɛid, carhaγcarhaɣ s uxeddim-ik. Xas macci aṭas i tettaxeḍ dagi γurɣur-i maca s iγalleniɣallen-ik d tidi-k i ten-id-ssasayeḍ. Maca tella yiwet ur iyi-t-kcim ara s aqerruy. Amek alami ur tettefγeḍtettefɣeḍ ur tettmeslayeḍ aṭas d yiwen ur tesεiḍtesɛiḍ kra n imeddukal?
- Qqim kan a mass Jean, iweṣṣa-yi baba γefɣef tikli d udukkel d medden. Inna-yi win ibγanibɣan ad yecc aγrumaɣrum-is di talwit, ad iṭṭixer i medden d tkerkas nsen. Yerna nek d mmis n udrar u tkli teddun medden di temdint ur teffiγteffiɣ fell-i.
- Baba-k d amusnaw. Atan ihi imi d yagi kan am akken ur ḍrint!
Ihi Jean ayen wallant wallen-is d ayen illan. Acku "SaεidSaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer" macci kan iweṣṣat baba-s, tweṣṣat ula d tudart d wayen iwala yagi. Ur as-tefki ara tegwnitt ad iffeγiffeɣ. Yugad ad t-kkarcen u ad t-hawṣen ar taẓult.
Nneflen kra n wussan γefɣef wiyaḍ, izri kra n wakud d Ḥmed illa di teglimt n "SsaεidSsaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer". Ixxeddem u ilha kan d yiman-ines. Irked kan iffer.
Yiwen wass ibed γefɣef umnar n lluzin isla i yisem-is sanwi is-d-issawlen: wa! Ḥmed! Waaa! Ḥmmed Umerri!. Ifrawes anwa i t-isnen s yisem-is n tidett. IγilIɣil sanwi i t-id iεeqleniɛeqlen. Irfed allen-is iwala Mḥend, εemmiɛemmi-s. Iwehha yas yusa-d γurɣur-es u iḥka yas akw ayen illan. ΣemmiƐemmi-s agi ewwi-yas-d akw issalen n uxxam nsen d wid n taddart. Inna-yas-d yiwen yiwen amek llan at taddart u issaweḍ-as-d diγendiɣen awal d akken sawlen-as-d γerɣer lεeskerlɛesker. D ijjadarmiyen is-ewwin lekwaγedlekwaɣed s axxam. Inna-yas d akken ilaq ad iruḥ Umerri ar ijjadarmiyen akken ad t-awin ar "Maison-Carrée", Lḥerrac n wass-a.
Azekka-nni ifka yas taḥawact issurdiyen Umerri i εemmiɛemmi-s iweṣṣat a tt-ifek i baba-s yerna ad as yenni "aqli-yin ussan-a s axxam". Isseda-yas awal akken ur iqqar i medden taluft n SaεidSaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer is-d-iḥka iḍelli-nni akken ur skaren ara aγwbelaɣwbel deg uxxam yerna ur ilaq ara ad tettawin medden d awal s yir iles.
==Aserdas==
Send ad iffeɣ a d-yuɣal s axxam εemmisɛemmis Mḥand, Umerri yurag ad iwali Jean akken as-yinni d akken ad iḥbes amahil imi issufek fell-as, am netta am tezyiwin-is, ad iruḥ ad isεeddiisɛeddi lεeskarlɛeskar. Ira ihi ad iṭṭef tajarnanti-is imiren imiren akken ad ifek cwiṭ n idrimen s axxam.
- Mass Jean, ass-a ak jjaɣ imi ssawelen-iyi-d ar lεeskarlɛeskar. D εemmiɛemmi Mḥnad iyi-d-innan ulin ijjadarmiyen ar taddart.
- Tezriḍ a SsaεidSsaɛid, seg ass-mi txedmeḍ ɣur-i ur ak-d-kkisaɣ. Atan ak-xelsaɣ akw agur-a xas akka ur ikfi ara. Atan ihi, ssarameɣ-ak ayen ilhan ar zdat.
Umerri iffeɣ akw d εemmisɛemmis, yuɣ-d cwiṭ icettiḍen s axxam irna ifka yas i Mḥand kra iṣurdiyen ad ten-yawi i baba-s. Iweṣṣat ur iqqar i yiwen ɣef temsalt n SsaεidSsaɛid WaεmerWaɛmer. Mḥand yuli s axxam, Ḥmed iṣṣub ar ijjadarmiyen. Azekka-nni icca-tt-id di Maison Carrée (Lḥerrac n wassa) deg ijufar n Lzzayer (tamaneɣt n wassa) yuɣal d aserdas gar tezyiwin-is.
Gar iserdasen ewwi-d iman-is: iḥrec, iẓwer, imɛen. Xas akken di tezwara ur iḥemmel ara talaba userdas, kra n wussan kan yuɣal innum-itt. Tekkes-as akw tilluxa d usras n yiman-is izgan ɣef kra n Iqbayliyen imiren.
Yufa Ḥmed iman-is. Iserdasen nniḍen mi i-t-walan akken icṭar, ran akw ad ilin ar tama-s, ad uɣalen d imeddukal-is. Maca netta, am zik-is kan, ulac tadukli, ulac awal. Maca ahat ur iḥwajj ara tadukli isardasen imi yufa iman-is gar ibeckiḍen d tmegwḥal. Iḥemmel aεbaraɛbar d rriḥa n dduxan d-tefɣen mi ara iffeɣ ukaṛtuc. Isbedday tibṛiqin di nnican, ittara znad u ikkat-itent. Imir at tafeḍ izmumeg ifraḥ.
Ilmed amek iteddun leslaḥ, amek ara ifsi timgwḥal d tmeẓyanin. Ilmed diɣen tamusni n tserdest, amek ara innaɣ, amek ara iffer d wamek ara issexdem tigwnatin n leḥris akken ad isselek iman-is. Anect-agi akw ilmed Umerri ad t-yaf deg ussan i t-ttrajjun ar zdat.
Tin ɣer-s, imi atan yuɣal d aserdas, iwala d akken yuɣal s abrid. Ikcem ar tegrurt. Yiwen ur ittnadi fell-as tura. Ur iteffer ur t-id-ifki. Izdi lqed-is u irfed aqerruy-is. Yufa iman-is. D laman.
Zrin 12 n waguren, ewwi-d ula d ttesriḥ. Serḥen-as-d s axxam snat n ddurtin. Yusa-d iεaweniɛawen baba-s deg umahil d userwet di tfarkiwin nsen. Ikkes aɣwbel i yemma-s u issefraḥ atmaten-is. Iḥewwes diɣen cwiṭ di taddart d imudaɣ-is akken ad d-immekti temẓi. Zrin wussan am ifeṭṭiwej almi d-yufi iman-is eqqim-as yiwen wass. Innuɣna. Azekka-nni ikker zik ad iruḥ. Tedda yid-es yemma-s almi d taqerniḍt n taddart-is, tuɣal-ed s imeṭṭi d tasa-s n tyemmatt temmecc.
==Ṭṭrad amaḍlan wis-sin==
Xas akken, mbarrazen Iṛumyen d llalmaniyen deg usammer n Fransa, di tama n Strasbourg. Dinna dɣa i illa Umerri gar isardasen Iqabyliyen. Atan amek iḍra umbarrez-agi:
Γzenɣzen ixejjḍan d tesrafin sdat nsen, heggan iman-nsen ad nnaɣen. Iḍudan ɣef zznad. Umerri iqqim, tamegwḥelt tres ɣef umessaḍ, tixenfyac ar igenni d MAS 36 ar tama-s. Allen-is ṛessant ar tama ucengu ittrajju am netta am isardasen nniḍen.
Mi d-iwwed userdas allman, ibda-d aṛsas aṣeffer sya-u-sya, isla Umerri i ccaf nsen isuɣ: ar deffir! ar deffir! Rewlen akw Iṛumyen d wid illan ar tama nsen acku ḥsan ur zmiren ara i Inaẓiyen ten-yugaren ten-yifen ama di leslaḥ ama deg uheggi n ttrad. Dɣa yufad iman-is Umerri iman-is kan, weḥdes acku ur iddi ara gar wid irewlen. Ur yuɣal ara ar deffir am netta am wiyaḍ. Mi d-iwweḍ ihi tizi leḥris ulac amwanes, ulac ameddakul. Yiwen ur d-illi ar tama-s.
Maca rrewlen akw ala netta. Ayen? ayen ur irwil ara am netta am isardasen nniḍen? Amek almi niqqal ifka ixef-is d asfel? Dacu i t-ijjan iqqim din? Wisen dacu id-iɛeddan deg uqerruy-is almi inta din am tagwest d ṛsas d acebṛuti ittreqriq deg igenni. Iseqsiyen-agi ahat mmuten yid-es. Maca limer d-illi unadi ɣef tudart-is ahat atan neẓra ayen iqqim ddaw ikamyunen d tkeryas illmaniyen.
Ikcem ar tesraft neɣ ur uxmujj ittwaɣzen ddaw tmurt irked din. Idda cwiṭ deg-s imi axmujj-agi ɣezzif almi iwala iman-s iffer akken iwulem issusem iqqim iman-is. Ur t-id-yuli wawal ur t-id-yuli umesli. Inteḍ din amzun d tadɣaɣatt.
Γefɣef ubrid nnig tmurt, nnig uqerruy-is, ttɛeddin icaren d ikamyunen n Wehrmacht. D zhir kan i wumi issel d tmurt ittenhuzun fell-as. Tikwal ɣellin-d kra n ibruyen n wakal si sqqef n tesraft-nni. Iɣil ad d-hud u ad ittwarkeḍ din yerna yiwen ur t-ittaf. Ad iruḥ am aḍu. Maca, am arezg-is, isemnaɛ aqerruy-is.
==Timlilit ines di Fransa d Muḥand Aṛezqi==
Inuda yufa amahil dɣa irked am netta am iminigen n tmurt: lxedma lluzin s axxam am aken qqaren iminigen n zik!
Γerɣer yimsulta n Fransa Umerri, imi ur t-ufin ara yuɣal d amerwal, d amẓerti. Yuɣal diɣen ar temsalt-nni n tuqemca tufra. Maca tin i t-ideggren ar tufra d tin ssalima. Iddukel netta d Muḥand Aẓezqi ad walin asaru akken ad ksen cwiṭ ɣef ul. Di ssalima, send ad ibdu usaru sεeddansɛeddan-d yiwen usaru awezlan ɣef imezdaɣ n ugafa n Tferka yunagen ar Fransa, imiren wa iqqar-asen Aɛraben wa iqqar asen kan Inselmen. Deg usaru yagi izga yiwen ubulis, bu-tkaskiḍt, ishetrif , itezzem, ikkat deg Imaziɣen d Waɛraben. Xarttum miḥyaf d usider deg imaziɣen almi ur asen- ijji yiwet. Mi walan akken Umerri d Muḥand Aṛezqi, ijbed-d Muḥ Aṛezqi tameẓyant itirri ɣef ubulis-nni deg usaru deg akken irfa, immec. Dɣa tekker ṭanṭana, ikker uhetwil. Wa ittsuɣu, wa ittmejjid, wa yettazal wa yeffer ddaw ikwersiyen. Umerri d Muḥ zṛan dacu i ten-ittrajjun rewlen send ar lemdent tewwura, send ad d-awḍen ibulisen.
Seg imiren, imsulta ḥsan deg akken Umerri idder. Ibda unadi fell-asen netta d Muḥand Aṛezqi.
- Ayen? Tugadeḍ ? Yerna Hitler iḥqer-aɣ.
- Ala macci ugadaɣ. Ur bɣiɣ ad nnaɣeɣ akken ad d-ḥelliɣ tilelli i Iṛumyen d nutni ugin iyi tilleli di tmurt-iw. Amek ara zzlaɣ ad fkaɣ iman-iw d asfel akken ad ḥelliɣ tamurt i Iṛumyen d tmurt-iw tedder ddaw uḍar nsen. Ini-yi-d amek ma illa kra n ṣṣwab nniḍen ɣur-ek?
- Dacu ara ak iniɣ a Mu! Γurɣur-ek kra n tektiwin ur llint ara ɣur-i. Maca imi telliḍ akken ik-ihwa dagi ur ttuɣal ara ar lmizirya n tmurt. D aya kan ara ak-iniɣ!
- Ma illa ewwi-k-id ubrid yiwen wass ar Buɣni, εeddiɛeddi-d fell-i ad nemwali. Ma d ayen nniḍen ifra ssuq tenza sselεasselɛa.
==Temlal tasa d wayen turew==
Sin wussan ar yidis imawlan d at taddart, iṭṭef abrid ar Yiɣil Imula ad iwali ameddakul-is aqbur Muḥ Aṛezqi. Yufat di yir tagwnitt. Inna-yas-d:
- Atan ara ttnadin fell-i di myal tama. Serḥen-d iṭṭarusen nsen fell-i u ssegdeln-iyi tufɣa gar medden. Ilaq-ak ur d-ttaseḍ ara aṭas ɣur-i akken ur ak-d-ttawiɣ ara daɛwessu neɣ kra twaγittwaɣit nniḍen.
- Waqil ur iyi tessineḍ ara ar tura a Muḥ a gma! Kecc d ameddakul-iw, yerna ala kecc i d ameddakul-iw u nek ur ttajjaɣ ara imeddukkal di ddiq. Urjjin ak zziɣ s waɛrur ttnadin fell-ak neɣ qqimen! Dulaqrar ad tifrir tagut!
Inṭeq uterras nni iqqimen ar tama-s inna:
- Medden ssawalen-iyi Asman. Maca isem-iw Amar Xujja Aḥsen. Lulaɣ di taddart at Meksent deg At Abdelmumen. Fɣeɣ s adrar seg wass-mi d-rriɣ ttar n baba i ɣef ituɛedda yiwen “uqjun” ḥaca timira nwen. Yerna aydi yagi irna yas zzux d wawal imi d axwummas n Lqayed. Akka i issagwad medden. Ma d ass-a aql-i yidwen s tezmert-iw d tdukli-w. Attan nnuba ar Amar.
- Isem-iw Amar Amsaḥ n tɣiwant n Haussonvilliers (Nnasirya n wass-a) iyi-tt-wagedlen ass-a. Nɣiɣ dinna yiwen uterras d Aɛrab azzayri illan d ccaf-iw deg yiwen laɛzib. Laɛzib-agi d ayla n yiwen ukulun. Aterras-agi ihi itekkes sser fell-aneγaneɣ s ifellaḥen. Asusef d regmat si sbeḥ ar temeddit. Izga iqqar-aγaɣ “kelb ben kelb” u yiwen wass issuli-d ajenniw-iw issaweḍ-itt armi ur zmireγzmireɣ ara as-awiγawiɣ nnig wanect-en, dγadɣa tekkaγtekkaɣ-as din. Ussan-agi ad zemmen 12 n waguren aya-gi. Mawel aql-i zgiγzgiɣ di Rebeval (BeγlyaBeɣlya) u ass-a ferḥaγferḥaɣ aṭas s yis-wen imi sya d asawen ad tuγalemtuɣalem d imwansen.
Aterras wis kuz imgarad cwiṭ fell-asen. Issusem ikmed maca tamuγlitamuɣli-is qessiḥet, tessagwad. Ṣṣura-as tettbin-ed amzun iffeγiffeɣ-itt rruḥ. Seg-mi id-iwweḍ d netta ɣef tiṭ Umerri. Dɣa inṭeq-d ula d netta:
- Nek akken zriɣ, ulac ayen isemgarden amakwar d umerwal ɣef yemsulṭa neɣ d imenfi ɣef tektiwin-is. Ittwagdel-asen akw wass d tikli gar medden. Mgal tigi zriɣ a neddukkel akken ma nella u atent-nqazem s uzday n lqed. Maca ɣur-wat ad tettum iman nwen. Ilaq a nezwir deg iman-nneɣ u mi neccur lejjwayeb nneɣ d tḥawacin n twaculin nneɣ ad d-nelhi sakin d iẓawaliyen d igelilen. Acku amɣid d adebbuz kan i ttqadar wanag awal aẓidan s ucennef akw i t-ittarra.
Mi ikfa uterras-agi tiyita di medden, issekna aqerruy-is issusem. Umerri iẓra yir awal am wagi ur issuffuɣ ara ar wayen ilhan. Iḥus am akken ad asen-yuγalyuɣal uterras-agi d azrem uqelmun. Injjer taɣect-is inna yasen:
- Nek n taddart at Jimaɛ n Iwaḍiyen. Zriɣ izwwer-awen-d Muḥ Aṛezqi awal fell-i, fiḥel ma nniɣ-awen-d ayen iwen-dinna yagi. Ass-a nemlal-ed dagi akken a nemsefham ɣef tikli nneɣ d wamek ara asen nekker i wid irkḍen deg uɣref nneɣ. D aɣref i ɣef ara nsenned u d netta kan ar aɣ-isselken. Aṭas n wid iɣ-d-izwaren yagi ar umadaɣ maca imi tuɛeddan ɣef ifellaḥen, uɣalen ar medden am jenjjar i tiṭ. D ulaqrar almi ttwakemcen acku amɣid issaɣ akw ɣef tmurt am umccim di tiɣilt. Ilaq ad nsed ɣur-s ad isenned ɣur-neɣ, ad tili tagmatt gar aneɣ. Ma illa nessedda-t gar icenga nneɣ xas d aẓawali iceffu u issen ad yandi. Ma llan medden d tirni ar tama nneɣ, aɣ-d-fken ucci, ad ldin allen u ad fken tamezzuɣt fell-aneɣ.
Iswi nneɣ macci d tukarda macci d tamḥeqranit deg ẓawali. Iswi nneɣ, s yiwen wawal, d tiririt n tissas i wid mi-tt-ksen Iṛumyen d ixwumassen nsen. Tikli nneɣ ad tili d tin zeddigen u ad ilin ilugan a tt-id-izzerben. As-d-ilin d tilisa. Tura imi d nek i d aqerruy n tarbaɛt, tura kan awin-ten-in-inniɣ yiwen yiwen u ad awin arnuɣ kra n wayen ttɣunfuɣ d wayen d wid ur iyi-d-nezgi ɣef tiṭ.
==Tagara n Umerri==
Qqimen di 4 di tγarγarttɣarɣart, γefɣef tyeggirin, zzin-d i tarbut n seksu d waftaten n uksum irsen γefɣef ugartil. Iqḍa-d inefq-ed Aâli imi iâareḍ-ed imeddukal-is. Tarbaât Umerri d Muḥ Aṛezqi di sin, netta d âaemmi-s di sin. Tetten, ttnecraḥen, ttaḍsan. Yak d imeddukal. IγliIɣli-d laman gar-asen. Ur d-illi usurdu, ur d-illi ccek. D tagmatt. D tadukli γefɣef tgella d lemleḥ. Maca Aâli izga itett Umerri s nqar n tiṭ. Amzun ittalas-as-tt. Amzun iceggeḍ-it kra. Netta tuγtuɣ-it yunditt netta d âemmi-s. Ksan-d tundar yiwet yiwet, almi d-ssawḍen Umerri γerɣer txenfuct ubeckid nsen di tesga n uxxam nsen.
Umerri ur yuki d nda mi itekkat. Ur yuksan, d netta d umeddakul-is tuγitentuɣiten di nnican, gar tγunamtɣunam n tmegwḥelt n Aâli. Aâli Wasel, n Iâezzunen, d ameddakul-is iḍelli, d amedddakul-is assa. Ur d-yelli wayen ara a t-ikukru. Γurɣur-s, am akken ur ḍrint. Âait εaitɛait. Wanag, urjjin isrussuy tamegwḥelt-is ar tmurt. Tezga ar yidis-is, γefɣef udem ufus akken mi tt-iḥwajj ad tt-iddem imiren imiren.
Azal ttaken Iqbayliyen n imiren i tmegwḥelt am win ittaken i tlawin nsen: ur ittnuz ur irehhen!
Assen, isers-itt, isenned-itt ar udekkan di teγmertteɣmert. Ur d-lli ara γefɣef udem ufus-is. Mi inuda fell-as, yuγityuɣit ismar-as Aâli macci d yiwet n tarsast. Isḍarḍeq-as ibardiyen-is am netta am umeddakul-is. TeffeγTeffeɣ swa swa akken i tt-undin. Wa iqqar d Aâli i itekkan γefɣef znad wa iqqar d âemmi-s. Ama d wa ama d wihin, Umerri yuγalyuɣal d aquran di tγerγerttɣerɣert. Icca-t waldun di tesga n ṭṭlam. Izirig ileddayen yuzel γefɣef tamart-is. Immut. Si tiremt-nni d afella, tensa tafat n Umerri. Iquc usirem id-irra i watas n medden. D ayen d tagara.
Xas akken, ikmumes amzun d aqejmur, d ajdar, γefɣef udem-is issaγissaɣ-d yiseγyiseɣ. Ittban-d amzun immut s tfenṭazit neγneɣ am akken ur ibni fell-as. Timi-s tekres amzun ur yuḥtam ara ayen iḍran yid-s. D aya ihi i γefɣef Aâli d âemmi-s ufan ulamek ara as-anfen akken. Ksen-as ula d talaba ines zeddigen, selsen as tayeḍ yumsen, ixnunsen. SsufγenSsufɣen-t seg uxxam u ewwin-t ar iγzeriɣzer akken ad ssidren seg azal-is. LadγaLadɣa dina is-gan tafuṭuttt-nni id-iqqimen ar medden d tirni. Seg-s issenned γefɣef tezṛutt amzun illa win i t-issarsen. Ur d-iban ara deg-s am win iγliniɣlin, am win icca waldun.
Ihi ula di tmettant rran ad t-ssimsen. Dagi akw i t-ttwaγttwaɣ. Acku caḍen, ttḥarqen. Am akken tamgarḍt-is ur asen-teccur ara tiṭ.
Imi Umerri yuγalyuɣal i Iṛumyen d iqeddacen nsen d jenjar i tiṭ, d aṛejjaq di tgerjumt, llant-ed deqs n temliliyin fell-as. Lkumanda n Tizi Wezzu, ccambitat, lqayed, d iḥerkiyen nniḍen akw i tezzin fell-asen u ternuḍ-as s ufell-a kra n win i wumi ifka tiyita akken ad t-id yerr s abrid. Myal tikkelt, ad as-sennin kra illan gar wallen nsen nutni d ayen n dir, d ayen ifγenifɣen i ibardan. Kra n wanida d-tella tukarda, kra n wanida id-illa imenγiimenɣi ad t-aebbin γefɣef uqerruy Umerri. Xas akken, Umerri izdeγizdeɣ deg ulawen n medden u yiwen ur ifki deg-s afus.
Macci d tikkelt tura i iḥeccem Umerri imsulṭa-agi umaḥras, i ten-id isban d iqwrar imi ur as-zmiren ara. Ur as-ttawḍen ara ula ar ugarz. Mâebbaren d tikti n tuṭfas macci d tikelt u tagara ur d-iffeγiffeɣ kra syin imi imezdaγimezdaɣ n tmurt llan-d ar tama Umerri. Ansi is-kkan Iṛumyen d ixemmasen nsen, netta s ufus n medden, ad yekk ansi nniḍen. Isban-iten-id d wid ur as-nezmir d netta urjjin iḥbes acemmet deg-sen imi izga ucaqur ines n teγdemtteɣdemt ittqeddir.
Tusa-d tikti i lkumanda amek ara tsekertfen. Ẓran akken ad as-awḍen ilaq asen ubrid n laman:yiwen seg imeddukal-is. Ilaq as-sbedden. Maca anwa seg-sen? Amek ara t-qenâen ad ibxes u ad ifek afus deg Umerri illan imiren d assaḍ gar wallen n medden d tirni?
Refden sarsen ufan-d ilaq ad t-smarkin netta d yiwen seg imeddukal-is. Akken ad yilli usemmarki ilaq ad afen taγwsataɣwsa ur izmir umeddakul-is ad isemmaḥ. Ilaq asen ad afen kra uxeclaw ur izmir as yanef Uqbayli ad iâeddi. Ilaq kra d amuqran, ara yawḍen i umdan ar tamart-is, ar isseγisseɣ-is, ar nnnif-is. Ayen ara t-icemten gar medden ma ur d-erri ara ttar. Am tamgarḍt, neγneɣ tuksa n sser.
Xemmem as diγendiɣen aṭas u gezmen di rray d akken zemren ad qqenâen yiwen seg imeddukal-is ma illa sbaben-as agejdur, ma illa gren-d tameṭṭut-is ar taḥsirt xas akken ur tuksan ara. Akka ihi ssalin tasraft, fernen Aâli imi d ameddakul amuqran n Umerri yerna tella-d γurɣur-s tmeṭṭut tecbeḥ nezzeh, akken d-nnan. Gren fell-as meskint ayen ur texdim.
Ewwin-t ihi ar Tizi Wezzu γefɣef tqacuct iqerray nsen. Azal n 3 ussan d wuḍan i teṭfen γurɣur-sen akken ad tessimnen. DγaDɣa rwin-as aqerruy-is akken iwata. Ssawḍen ihi almi iten yumen d akken Umerri ikcem-as s axxam u kkes sser γefɣef tmeṭṭut-is. Netta anect-a yak ur d-illi maca di tegwnitt am tinna, ibundel Aâli . IdderγelIdderɣel. YuγalYuɣal ittwali kan amek ara ineγineɣ Umerri acku mawel ad ssufγenssufɣen awal ar taddart u as ittwagdel wawal gar yergazen. Akka i tella imiren. IsseγIsseɣ d nnif am tamgarḍt. Ma illa iffeγiffeɣ-d wawal macci d ayen fessusen ad tesfehmeḍ i medden d tikarkas. LadγaLadɣa ladγaladɣa ma γefɣef tmeṭṭut imi kra illan d isseγisseɣ n twacult, itti γefɣef uqerruy-s nettat yerna ur tezmir ad tenni kra.
IffeγIffeɣ-d Aâli syin u deg uqerruy-is tban tikli: ad ineγineɣ Umerri, ad yerr ttar akken i wata. Ifra ssuq, tenza sselâa. Immeslay d âemmi-s imi tamsalt tâna akw tawacult-is. Emtawan amek ara t-ksen si tudart imi yuγalyuɣal-asen d ugur, d ayen iten ssarxan gar medden.
Bernen Iṛumyuen d iqeddacen nsen ihi Aâli almi yuγalyuɣal irra iman-is d qebbaḍ lerwaḥ am winna n tmucuha. Win n tmucuha meqqar ittass ar win i wumi teccur, ma d Aâli iccur-itt i Umerri.
Akka ihi is-ihegga imensi. Yir imensi. Win n uγurruuɣurru. Yiwen ur yuksan wayeḍ ur yuklal. Umerri ur ixdem kra, Aâli Wasel seccen-t, ccuren-as taqerruyt d tmelγiγttmelɣiɣt almi ulamek ara yidir ma illa idder Umerri. Ṛzag-it wussan skud idder Umerri. Ufan-as abrid. Deg ussegwass n 1947. Di furar. Ass wis 16. Deg Iâezzunen. Swa-swa ass-mi id-issali Krim Belqasem tarbaât-is OS yulin s adrar send 1954. Yak mlalen netta d Umerri akken ad dduklen mgal amaḥras maca ur umtawan ara, ur zgin ara γefɣef yiwet n tmuγlitmuɣli. Maca ar assa ur neẓri ara amek id-teḍra gar-asen neγneɣ wisen ayen ur dduklen ara.
IffeγIffeɣ yir awal d usali n wayen iḍran d Umerri u yuγyuɣ akw timnaḍin n tmurt n Iqbayliyen d tin n Llezzayer d Fransa. René Leiber n uγmisuɣmis Le Journal d’Alger, yuli-d ar Tizi Wezzu u yura amagrad γefɣef Umerri d tagara n “txidas, war-laman d yir sekka” di tmurt n Uzwaw. L’Écho d’Alger diγendiɣen yura ayendin si yennayer ar furar 1947 γefɣef Umerri d tarbaât-is.
Tamettant n Umerri wa tesrut, wa isfenxer kan. Wa irgem-it wa iwwi-t-id d asefru. Xarttum ar ṭaqa n Iqbayliyen, Umerri ad iqqim i lebda.
== ḤMED UMERRI sγursɣur Ɛ. Mezdad, 1974 ==
*Akken kan yebda tikli
*I Ḥmed yesbur talaba-s.
*Anwa-t Ḥmed Umerri
*Deg umadaγumadaɣ i yeţţili.
*Isemmeḥ adriz γurɣur-es messus
*Inuda γefɣef tilelli
*S anda inuda afus
*Yufa tagmaţ ur telli
*Yeqqel wemdan d aṭarus
*Di tal tiγmerttiɣmert d agani.
*Anwa-t Ḥmed Umerri
*I-mi ur as-yezmir Urumi ?
*TeffeγTeffeɣ-d tejεalttejɛalt d tameqqrant
*Win i t-yenγanyenɣan ad ţ-yawi
*Yiwen wass atma-s ṣumren-t
*I yas-izemren d nutni
*Abeckiḍ bu-sebâa εellqenɛellqen-t
*I Ḥmed heggan-d imensi.
*Wi nγannɣan Ḥmed Umerri
*D atmaten-is neγneɣ d Arumi?
*Izem yemmut di laman
*Din i yeγliyeɣli γefɣef uḍebsi-s
*AεdawAɛdaw yeṭtef wi t-yenγanyenɣan
*Yezwi-yas akk tilkin-is
*Ḥmed yemmut di laman
''Yennayer 1974''
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