Imenɣi n Lezzayer (1956-1957)

Imenɣi n Lezzayer d yiwet n tedyant taxatart deg umezruy n tegrawla tazzayrit mgal Fransa. yeḍra-d seg wass n 7 yennayer ar 8 ctember 1957 deg temdint n Lezzayer tamanaɣt.

Imenɣi n Lezzayer
Amur 1u n Tagrawla tazzayrit
Ayen i d-yeqqimen seg yiwen n uxxam di teqṣebt n lezzayer, ihudd deg uṭerḍeq-nni yenɣan ɛli la pointe.
Azemz 30 ctember 1956 – 24 ctember 1957 (11 n wayyuren, 3 n imalasen d 4 n wussan) Adeg Lezzayer Tamanaɣt, Lezzayer
Imḍebbren
FLN	Tamurt n Fransa La Main Rouge
Imḍebbren d imeqqranen
Abane Ramdane Krim Belkacem Larbi Ben M'hidi Benkhedda Saad Dahlab Yacef Saâdi Ali la Pointe	Jacques Massu Marcel Bigeard Yves Godard Roger Trinquier Pierre Jeanpierre
Tazmert
5000 n imeɣnasen	8000 n iserdasen 1500 n yimsultiyen
iggasen d imenɣiyen
1000-3000 yemmuten neɣ imengar	300 yemmuten 900 n yiggasen

Imenɣi-agi yella d yiwet n temlilit n FLN (anyir n Uslelli Aɣelnaw) d yiserdasen ifransiyen. Yella-d umenɣi meqqren gar sin idisen: Larbi Ben M'hidi, Yacef Saadi d Zohra Drif seg tama n FLN, d Jacques Massu seg tama tafransist.

Tagrawla n Lezzayer tella-d d tagnit ideg FLN yesseqdec allalen n usṭerḍeq d tmenɣiwt mgal iserdasen ifransiyen. Seg tama-nsen, iserdasen ifransiyen seqdacen allalen n tṛad mgal imjuhad d yimeɣnasen n FLN.

Tadyant-agi tella-d s waṭas n yiseflan (victimes) seg sin yidisan, maca tessufeɣ-d tazmert n FLN d lebɣi n wegdud azzayri i tlelli. Tagrawla n Lezzayer tella daɣen d tamsalt i d-yewwin tmuɣli n umaḍal ɣer tegrawla tazzayrit, ladɣa s usekfel n Gillo Pontecorvo deg useggas n 1966 s yisem "La Bataille d'Alger".

Asatal Amezruyan

Seg yennayer ar tuber 1957, aserdas afransis yettnarma ad yessusem aterras n Tezdi n Uslelli Aɣelnaw (FLN) s usefruri n yiẓeḍwan-is di Lezzayer tamanaɣt d usḥissef ameqran. Ɣas akken tagrawla n Lezzayer tfukk s nnṣer userdas afransis, aseqdec ameqran n usḥissef yessekker aneggez meqqren deg tmetti tagraɣlant akked Fransa tamanaɣt.

Di tazwara n 1957, llant-d temhalin meqqren di Lezzayer gar yigiman yemgaraden. Deg wass n 7 yennayer, Robert Lacoste yefka i ujiniral Massu tazmert tameqqrant ɣef Lezzayer tameqrant. Tafirqet tis 10 n yimazdayen, d tafirqet yelhan yesɛan aṭas n yergazen i d-lulen di Lezzayer, imjahden iqburen n Linduchine, tewwi-as-d leqdic n 'ussefru' n temdint.

Akken ad yeg adras ɣef usqamu amatu n Tmura Yeddukklen i yettemlilin di tɣimit akken ad yawi aḍris ɣef uselwu n Lezzayer, FLN yumer-d aḥtam amatu n 8 wussan, seg wass n 28 yennayer. Ayagi yefka-as i FLN ad d-yessken tazmert-is ɣef wegdud azzayri. Maca, imir kan, imazdayen n ujiniral Massu ksen aḥtam. Di 7 n tufat n wass n 8 yennayer, kecmen ɣer teqṣbett n Lezzayer, ssezwaren imdanen ad uɣalen ɣer uxeddim d ulday n tḥuna-nsen.

FLN yerra-d ɣef tuffɣa n userdas ɣer temdint s waṭas n yisterḍiqen di Lezzayer, anda asemdu n yisallen meqqer. Deg wass n 26 yennayer 1957, llant-d tbumbasin di kraḍ n yixxamen n lqahwa i ɣer ttruḥun Irumyen: Otomatic, Cafétéria d le Coq Hardi, u deg wass n 10 furar, isterḍiqen n ubaltu aɣelnaw n Lezzayer d ubaltu n El Biar wwin 10 n yimɣaren d 34 n yibuḥemciyen. Ass n 9 yunyu 1957, isterḍeq n ukasinu n Corniche yenɣa 8 n yemdanen, yesbuḥmec azal n 100.

Imazdayen n ujiniral Massu narman ad sefrun FLN. I waya, bḍan tamdint s yiserdasen meqqren, ṭṭfen iḥricen iɛraben, rnan aṭas n yimukan n usenqed. Ladɣa, s useqdec n yifuyla n temsulta, aserdas yettaṭṭaf s waṭas akken ad d-yaf imeɣnasen n FLN i wumi ttqadaren amḍan-nsen ɣer 5000 di Lezzayer. Amur ameqran n wid yettwaṭṭfen ttwasdukklen deg yimukan n ufran, i yuɣalen s tɣawla d imukan n usḥissef. Tuzzma n 'tinegzimt' n Larbi Ben M'Hidi, yiwen seg yimezwura n FLN, syin tin n Ali Boumendjel, ssekrent-d aneggez meqqren, gar-asen win n René Capitant, aselmad n Ali Boumendjel deg tesdawit n Lezzayer. Di Fransa tamanaɣt, iɣmisen, L'Express d Le Monde d imezwura, bdan taḥerci n usuzmer n tarrayin i yesseqdac userdas di Lezzayer. Aselway Guy Mollet yuɣal imir ad d-yini, ass n 5 yebrir 1957, asnulfu n Tseqqamut n uḥraz n yizerfan d tlelli tudmawant. Maca, awway-agi ur yessusem ara aṭṭaf d usḥissef. Ussan n 11 d 12 yunyu, Maurice Audin d Henri Alleg, imeɣnasen iciyuɛiyen, ttwasṭerḍqen syin ttwasḥissfen. Maurice Audin, i d-yettwannan yerwel sɣur userdas, yemmut di tilawt s wayen i as-xedmen deg usḥissef. S umata, aṭas n luluf n 'yimezga' ttwaḥesben deg tallit n tegrawla n Lezzayer.

Isallen i d-ttawin ddaw n usḥissef d tuffɣa n yiberdan n FLN ttajjan i userdas afransis ad yefru s kra kra aẓeṭṭa. Aṭṭaf n Yacef Saadi ass n 24 ctember, syin tamettant n Ali La Pointe ass n 8 tuber d nutni i d-yemmalen taggara n tegrawla n Lezzayer.

Akka, tagrawla n Lezzayer teffeɣ-d s nnṣer userdas afransis. Maca, ssuma n nnṣer-agi meqqret. Aseqdec ameqran n usḥissef yessekker-d aneggez meqren di tmura tiberraniyin d Fransa tamanaɣt. Ɣef yidis nniḍen, alluy n ternawt gar uterras d usḥissef, yewwi-d ɣer usemɣer n yigiman, yeǧǧa ur yezmir ad yili unadi n tifrat.