Tazalɣi Copley

Tazalɣi Copley
	;
Isem aẓaran	(en) Copley Medal
Anaw	arraz ussnan ; tazalɣa
Yettusemma ɣef	Godfrey Copley (fr)
Aɣbal	1731 –
Azemz aswasan	1731 –
Tamurt	Tagelda Yedduklen
Sponsor ou mécène (fr)	Tkebbanit Tageldant
Montant remporté (fr)	25 000 £
Tettwanefk-d sɣur	Tkebbanit Tageldant
Imernayen	Stephen Gray (fr) (1731); Stephen Gray (fr) (1732); John Theophilus Desaguliers (fr) (1734); John Theophilus Desaguliers (fr) (1736); John Belchier (fr) (1737); James Valoue (fr) (1738); Stephen Hales (fr) (1739); Alexander Stuart (fr) (1740); John Theophilus Desaguliers (fr) (1741); Christopher Middleton (fr) (1742); Abraham Trembley (fr) (1743); Henry Baker (fr) (1744); William Watson (fr) (1745); Benjamin Robins (fr) (1746); Gowin Knight (fr) (1747); James Bradley (fr) (1748); John Harrison (fr) (1749); George Edwards (fr) (1750); John Canton (fr) (1751); John Pringle (fr) (1752); Benjamin Franklin (fr) (1753); William Lewis (fr) (1754); John Huxham (fr) (1755); Charles Cavendish (fr) (1757); John Dollond (fr) (1758); John Smeaton (fr) (1759); Benjamin Wilson (fr) (1760); John Canton (fr) (1764); Hinri kafnidc (1766); William Brownrigg (fr) (1766); Edward Delaval (fr) (1766); John Ellis (fr) (1767); Peter Woulfe (fr) (1768); William Hewson (fr) (1769); William Hamilton (fr) (1770); Matthew Raper (fr) (1771); Joseph Priestley (fr) (1772); John Walsh (fr) (1773); Nevil Maskelyne (fr) (1775); James Cook (1776); John Mudge (fr) (1777); Charles Hutton (fr) (1778); Samuel Vince (fr) (1780); William Herschel (1781); Richard Kirwan (fr) (1782); Thomas Hutchins (fr) (1783); John Goodricke (fr) (1783); Edward Waring (fr) (1784); William Roy (fr) (1785); John Hunter (fr) (1787); Charles Blagden (fr) (1788); William Morgan (fr) (1789); Jean-André Deluc (fr) (1791); James Rennell (fr) (1791); Ben Thompson (fr) (1792); Alessandro Volta (fr) (1794); Jesse Ramsden (fr) (1795); George Atwood (fr) (1796); Charles Hatchett (fr) (1798); George Shuckburgh-Evelyn (fr) (1798); John Hellins (fr) (1799); Edward Charles Howard (fr) (1800); Astley Cooper (fr) (1801); William Hyde Wollaston (fr) (1802); Richard Chenevix (fr) (1803); Smithson Tennant (fr) (1804); Humphry Davy (fr) (1805); Thomas Andrew Knight (fr) (1806); Everard Home (fr) (1807); William Henry (fr) (1808); Edward Troughton (fr) (1809); Benjamin Collins Brodie (fr) (1811); William Thomas Brande (fr) (1813); James Ivory (fr) (1814); David Brewster (fr) (1815); Henry Kater (fr) (1817); Robert Seppings (fr) (1818); Hans Christian Ørsted (fr) (1820); Edward Sabine (fr) (1821); John Herschel (fr) (1821); William Buckland (1822); John Pond (fr) (1823); John Brinkley (fr) (1824); François Arago (fr) (1825); Peter Barlow (fr) (1825); James South (fr) (1826); William Prout (fr) (1827); Henry Foster (fr) (1827); George Biddell Airy (fr) (1831); Michael Faraday (fr) (1832); Siméon Denis Poisson (fr) (1832); Giovanni Plana (fr) (1834); William Snow Harris (fr) (1835); Francis Kiernan (fr) (1836); Jöns Jacob Berzelius (fr) (1836); Henri Becquerel (fr) (1837); John Frederic Daniell (fr) (1837); Michael Faraday (fr) (1838); Carl Friedrich Gauss (1838); Robert Brown (fr) (1839); Charles Sturm (fr) (1840); Justus von Liebig (fr) (1840); Georg Ohm (1841); James MacCullagh (fr) (1842); Jean-Baptiste Dumas (fr) (1843); Carlo Matteucci (fr) (1844); Theodor Schwann (1845); Urbain Le Verrier (1846); John Herschel (fr) (1847); John Couch Adams (fr) (1848); Roderick Murchison (fr) (1849); Peter Andreas Hansen (fr) (1850); Richard Owen (fr) (1851); Alexander von Humboldt (fr) (1852); Heinrich Wilhelm Dove (fr) (1853); Johannes Peter Müller (fr) (1854); Léon Foucault (fr) (1855); Henri Milne Edwards (fr) (1856); Michel-Eugène Chevreul (fr) (1857); Charles Lyell (fr) (1858); Wilhelm Eduard Weber (fr) (1859); Robert Wilhelm Bunsen (fr) (1860); Louis Agassiz (fr) (1861); Thomas Graham (fr) (1862); Adam Sedgwick (fr) (1863); Charles Darwin (1864); Michel Chasles (fr) (1865); Julius Plücker (fr) (1866); Karl Ernst von Baer (fr) (1867); Charles Wheatstone (fr) (1868); Henri Victor Regnault (fr) (1869); James Prescott Joule (fr) (1870); Robert von Mayer (fr) (1871); Friedrich Wöhler (fr) (1872); Hermann Ludwig von Helmholtz (fr) (1873); Louis Pasteur (1874); August Wilhelm von Hofmann (fr) (1875); Claude Bernard (fr) (1876); James Dwight Dana (fr) (1877); Jean-Baptiste Boussingault (fr) (1878); Rudolf Clausius (fr) (1879); James Joseph Sylvester (fr) (1880); Charles Adolphe Wurtz (fr) (1881); Arthur Cayley (fr) (1882); William Thomson (fr) (1883); Carl Siegel (fr) (1884); Friedrich Kekulé von Stradonitz (fr) (1885); Franz Ernst Neumann (fr) (1886); Joseph Dalton Hooker (fr) (1887); Thomas Henry Huxley (fr) (1888); George Salmon (fr) (1889); Simon Newcomb (fr) (1890); Stanislao Cannizzaro (fr) (1891); Rudolf Virchow (fr) (1892); George Stokes (1893); Edward Frankland (fr) (1894); Karl Weierstrass (fr) (1895); Karl Gegenbaur (fr) (1896); Albert von Kölliker (fr) (1897); William Huggins (fr) (1898); John William Strutt Rayleigh (fr) (1899); Marcellin Berthelot (fr) (1900); Josiah Willard Gibbs (fr) (1901); Joseph Lister (fr) (1902); Eduard Suess (fr) (1903); William Crookes (fr) (1904); Dmitri Mandelyiv (1905); Ilya Ilitch Metchnikov (fr) (1906); Albert Abraham Michelson (fr) (1907); Alfred Russel Wallace (fr) (1908); George William Hill (fr) (1909); Francis Galton (fr) (1910); George Darwin (fr) (1911); Felix Klein (fr) (1912); Edwin Ray Lankester (fr) (1913); Joseph John Thomson (fr) (1914); Ivan Pavlov (fr) (1915); James Dewar (fr) (1916); Émile Roux (fr) (1917); Hendrik Lorentz (fr) (1918); William Bayliss (fr) (1919); Horace Tabberer Brown (fr) (1920); Joseph Larmor (fr) (1921); Ernest Rutherford (fr) (1922); Horace Lamb (fr) (1923); Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer (fr) (1924); Albert Einstein (1925); Frederick Gowland Hopkins (fr) (1926); Charles Scott Sherrington (fr) (1927); Charles Algernon Parsons (fr) (1928); Maks Plank (1929); William Henry Bragg (fr) (1930); Arthur Schuster (fr) (1931); George Ellery Hale (fr) (1932); Theobald Smith (fr) (1933); John Scott Haldane (fr) (1934); Charles Thomson Rees Wilson (fr) (1935); Arthur Evans (fr) (1936); Henry Hallett Dale (fr) (1937); Niels Bohr (1938); Thomas Hunt Morgan (fr) (1939); Paul Langevin (1940); Thomas Lewis (fr) (1941); Robert Robinson (fr) (1942); Joseph Barcroft (fr) (1943); Geoffrey Ingram Taylor (fr) (1944); Oswald Avery (fr) (1945); Edgar Douglas Adrian (fr) (1946); Godfrey Harold Hardy (fr) (1947); Archibald Vivian Hill (fr) (1948); George de Hevesy (fr) (1949); James Chadwick (fr) (1950); David Keilin (fr) (1951); Paul Dirac (fr) (1952); Albert Kluyver (fr) (1953); Edmund Taylor Whittaker (fr) (1954); Ronald Fisher (1955); Patrick Blackett (fr) (1956); Howard Walter Florey (fr) (1957); John Edensor Littlewood (fr) (1958); Frank Macfarlane Burnet (fr) (1959); Harold Jeffreys (fr) (1960); Hans Adolf Krebs (fr) (1961); Cyril Norman Hinshelwood (fr) (1962); Paul Fildes (fr) (1963); Sydney Chapman (fr) (1964); Alan Lloyd Hodgkin (fr) (1965); William Lawrence Bragg (fr) (1966); Bernard Katz (fr) (1967); Tadeus Reichstein (fr) (1968); Peter Medawar (fr) (1969); Alexander Robert Todd (fr) (1970); Norman Pirie (fr) (1971); Nevill Mott (fr) (1972); Andrew Huxley (fr) (1973); William Vallance Douglas Hodge (fr) (1974); Francis Crick (fr) (1975); Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin (fr) (1976); Frederick Sanger (fr) (1977); Robert Burns Woodward (fr) (1978); Max Ferdinand Perutz (fr) (1979); Derek Barton (fr) (1980); Peter Mitchell (fr) (1981); John Warcup Cornforth (fr) (1982); Rodney Robert Porter (fr) (1983); Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (fr) (1984); Aaron Klug (fr) (1985); Rudolf Peierls (fr) (1986); Robert Hill (fr) (1987); Michael Atiyah (fr) (1988); César Milstein (fr) (1989); Abdus Salam (fr) (1990); Sydney Brenner (fr) (1991); George Porter (fr) (1992); James D. Watson (fr) (1993); Frederick Charles Frank (fr) (1994); Frank Macfarlane Burnet (fr) (1995); Alan Cottrell (fr) (1996); Hugh Huxley (fr) (1997); Michael James Lighthill (fr) (1998); John Maynard Smith (fr) (1999); Alan Battersby (fr) (2000); Jacques Miller (fr) (2001); John Pople (fr) (2002); John Gurdon (fr) (2003); Harold Kroto (fr) (2004); Paul Nurse (fr) (2005); Stiven Huking (2006); Robert May (fr) (2007); Roger Penrose (fr) (2008); Martin Evans (fr) (2009); David Cox (fr) (2010); Tomas Lindahl (fr) (2010); Dan Peter McKenzie (fr) (2011); John Ernest Walker (fr) (2012); Andre Geim (fr) (2013); Alec Jeffreys (fr) (2014); Peter Higgs (fr) (2015); Richard Henderson (fr) (2016); Andrew Wiles (fr) (2017); Jeffrey Ivan Gordon (fr) (2018); John B. Goodenough (2019); Jocelyn Bell (fr) (2021)
Tansa n web	royalsociety.org…

Tazalɣi Copley d yiwen waraz deg taɣult n tussna. D tazzlɣi yesɛan azal ameqṛan sɣuṛ Royal Society (Londres), d nettat id taqbuṛt ark, tellas i tikkelt tamenzut aseggas n 1731. Tazalɣi-yagi tennulfa-d seg-mi i yefka Mass Godfrey Copley i Royal Society 100 £ aseggas n 1709, Mass Copley d yiwen umaṛkanti yesɛan tamurt di Doncaster deg unẓul n Yorkshire, yuɣal y ufren d amaslad n tmetti-yagi aseggas n 1691.

D yiwet ger mraw n tzalɣiwin it ttak Royal Society, kra yuɣal semmet. Tazalɣi Copley ttaken-tt di tsengama, d Tussna n tudert.