Wikipedia

Aṭṭan n Coronavirus 2019

Aṭṭan n Coronavirus 2019 (s usegzel: covid-19[1]), akken yettwassnen daɣen s yisem n waṭṭan amesgunef amekruz yeqqnen ar Coronavirus amsetrar 2019, iga d aṭṭan amesgunef azamman aɣeressagman ixeddem-it-id SARS-CoV-2 dɣa avirus-a d win yudsen (iqerben) s waṭas ar SARS-CoV[2][3]. Yettwasnirem i tikkelt tamezwarut ass mi yenfufed Coronavirus di Wuhan deg 2019, sin akin igla-d s terwast n waṭṭan n Covid-19 deg umadal yakk. aṭṭan-a d win i d-igellun s waṭas n waṭṭanen d yisekna igan d tawla, tusut d tneggift ma d agaz amaẓwal d ufaris n inexxim d wagaz n ugerjum ur llin ara d isekna imezdiyen.[4][5]. Deg wakud anda tuget n yigimen tt-ellen (seɛɛun) drus kan n isekna.[6], Kra deg-sen ttneflin ar talɣiwin timihanin am buturin amekruz d werway agmanan usgit.[7]. isig n tmekkast ɣer yisig n yigimen iy tt-wasennefrun d win yettusazlen s 3,4% maca yemgarad s unect n waddar (leɛmeṛ) d tilin n waṭṭanen niden.[8]

Aṭṭan n Coronavirus 2019
Aglam
Anaw pneumonie atypique (fr) Suqel, infection à coronavirus (fr) Suqel, pneumonie virale (fr) Suqel, aɣressagma, maladie à virus (fr) Suqel, Buturin
aṭṭan
Tamuzzegt tasensigemt, tujya n turin, virologie (fr) Suqel, tasensakrart
médecine d'urgence (fr) Suqel
Tamentilt SARS-CoV-2
Isekna Tusut, Tawla, insuffisance respiratoire (fr) Suqel, amaẓla, myalgie (fr) Suqel, Atmelli, hémoptysie (fr) Suqel, iẓmi, Buneggaf, lymphopénie (fr) Suqel, anémie (fr) Suqel, anosmie (fr) Suqel, agueusie (fr) Suqel, hypoxie (fr) Suqel, frissonnement (fr) Suqel, congestion nasale (fr) Suqel, tunɣayt, nausée (fr) Suqel, tircelt, Takma n wadis, pneumonie virale (fr) Suqel, lésion cérébrale (fr) Suqel, syndrome confusionnel (fr) Suqel, psychose (fr) Suqel, encéphalite (fr) Suqel, énanthème (fr) Suqel, syndrome d'épuisement professionnel (fr) Suqel
dysfonction érectile (fr) Suqel
Asemdu Arwas n waṭṭan n Kuṛunavirus 2019-20, syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë (fr) Suqel, pneumonie virale (fr) Suqel, thrombose (fr) Suqel, syndrome du choc toxique (fr) Suqel, syndrome inflammatoire multisystémique pédiatrique (fr) Suqel, choc cytokinique (fr) Suqel, coagulation sanguine (fr) Suqel, mortalité due à la Covid-19 (fr) Suqel
covid long (fr) Suqel
Akala n ugaǧǧi n yigem asiweṭ anafgan, contamination par les sécrétions respiratoires (fr) Suqel, transmission par contact (fr) Suqel, transmission directe (fr) Suqel, transmission par surface contaminée (fr) Suqel
infection de l’œil (fr) Suqel
Examen clinique (fr) Suqel RT-PCR (fr) Suqel, méthode immuno-enzymatique ELISA (fr) Suqel, tomodensitométrie (fr) Suqel, Tasedmirt tanmezrit n Polimiraz
test de dépistage rapide de la Covid-19 (fr) Suqel
Assesfer
Asafar Paxlovid (fr) Suqel, remdésivir (fr) Suqel, molnupiravir (fr) Suqel, favipiravir (fr) Suqel, ruxolitinib (fr) Suqel, (S)-(−)-colchicine (fr) Suqel, fluvoxamine (fr) Suqel, REGN-COV2 (fr) Suqel, infliximab (fr) Suqel, abatacept (fr) Suqel, cenicriviroc (en) Suqel, tofacitinib (fr) Suqel, Lenzilumab (en) Suqel, sargramostim (fr) Suqel, mavrilimumab (en) Suqel, MOR103 (fr) Suqel, tradipitant (en) Suqel, aprépitant (fr) Suqel, remestemcel-L (en) Suqel, ibudilast (en) Suqel, aprémilast (fr) Suqel, ifenprodil (fr) Suqel, éculizumab (fr) Suqel, ravulizumab (fr) Suqel, sélinexor (fr) Suqel, prazosine (fr) Suqel, losmapimod (en) Suqel, leronlimab (en) Suqel, nangibotide (en) Suqel, piclidenoson (en) Suqel, fenretinide (en) Suqel, ebselen (en) Suqel, fostamatinib (en) Suqel, vadadustat (en) Suqel, lanadélumab (fr) Suqel, zilucoplan (en) Suqel, apabetalone (en) Suqel, Bucillamine (en) Suqel, enisamium iodide (en) Suqel d deuremidevir (en) Suqel
Asulay
ICD-10-CM U07.1
ICD-10 U07.1 d U07.2
OMIM 301051
DiseasesDB 60833
MedlinePlus 007768
eMedicine 007768
MeSH D000086382
Disease Ontology ID DOID:0080600


Alammi d meɣres 2020 ulac assuji neɣ tigezt mgal n waṭṭan-a ayen yellan deg ufus n imsujiyen d asefses n yisekna d tedhelt n twuriwin n tfekka[9]. Maca kra n tmura am Iwunak Yeddukklen n Temrikt d Ccinwa urmen-t tigzin deg uraju n igemmad ara ad fken.

Tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa telɣet-d s umeggez n unfufed d usefruret n SARS-CoV-2 d tiẓimdelt tamadlant .[10][11], ttwafen-d yinzan (ttbut) ɣef unfufed adigan i waṭṭan n Covid-19 deg 6 n temnaṭin yeṭṭafaren tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa .[12]

Isekna d izmal ẓreg

 
Isekna n Covid-19 id yettbinen seld n yiwen ar 14 n wussan seg wenṭaṭ n Kuṛunavirus

Aṭṭan-a yezmer ad yaɣ amdan war ma ad ilin isekna d izmal maca deg waṭas n waddaden n iden ttilin-tt-d tiskanin ama d tid yefsusen neɣ d timakrazin (qessiḥ-it) gar-asen tawla, idis, tusut d tadist ma d tiskanin n usgunef am unezzu d legrajem d tid ur nettili ara s tuget

Addaden imekruzen (qessiḥen) n waṭṭan-a d wid izemren ad glun s tingas d feccal n wul d tgeẓẓal sin akin ar tmekkest (lmut) [13][14]

Asken Isig n teflalit-is
Tawla 87.9%
Tusut yekkawen 67.7%
Atmelli (ɛeyyu) 38.1%
Afaras n tsusaf 33.4%
Tineggift 18.6%
Agaz g tmaẓwalin d tiwermin 14.8%
Agaz n ugerjum 13.9%
Amaẓla 13.6%
Targigit 11.4%
Amuktu d Tiririt 5.0%
Abeṛṛid 3.7%
Asusef n idammen 0.9%
Azzug n tmelli 0.8%

Tallit n tezdalt d tin yettaṭṭafen gar n sin n wussan ar sin imalasen ma d isig n tallit-a 5 ar 6 wussan s unect n tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa. Ma d akud seg teflalit n yiskanen alamma d tujjya n tignatin fsusen yettaweṭ ar sin imalasen, tignatin tukrizin d tmsuklsin (tiqessḥanin) gar 3 ar 6 n imalasen. Inzan (ttbut) imenza sskanayen-d d akken tallit n wakud gar n teflalit n iskanen d temhazt n talɣa tukrizt n waṭṭan -gar-as tadersi n Uksijin- yettaṭṭaf 7 n wussan. Ma d tallit n wakud gar teflalit n yiskanen d tmekkest (lmut) n teɣtas n waṭṭan d win yettilin gar n 2 ar 8 n imalasen.[7]

Ikalaten d tmukrisin n waṭṭan ẓreg

Aṭṭan-a yezmer ad yekk seg 3 n ikalaten igejdanen, Amezwar: yezmer ad yezri am waṭṭan fsusen am waṭṭanen ifellayen imezdiyen n unagraw amesgunef. Aẓabaẓ neɣ tazemmart tis snat: d buturin neɣ tuḍna n wamur n wadda n unagraw amesgunef. Ma d aẓabaẓ wis 3 d win yakk i d amihan s waṭas anda aṭṭan-a yettnefli s tazzla ar timsedfert tamesguneft tanamsadt.[15]

Isragen (ssebbat) ẓreg

 
adumu s tisit tiliktṛunant i tugna n SARS-CoV-2 (talemmast, awraɣ)[16]

Ayen id yessisrigen aṭṭa-a d Coronavirus 2 n temsedfert tamesguneft tanamsadt tamekruzt (SARS-CoV-2), dɣa yella isem-is Avirus imisni 2019 (2019-nCoV).[17], Avirus-a yettenfufud s talɣa tagejdant gar n imdanen s uṭerrec n tmiqwa id itteffɣen seg unagraw amesgunef s tusut d unezzu .[18]. Avirus-a yezmer ad yeqqim d amiddur i 3 n wussan sufel n wuzzan d uplastik. Ma d avirus n SARS-CoV-2 yezmer ad yeqqim idder i 3 wussan s ufel n wuzzal d uplastik yakk d 3 n tesragin (sswayeɛ) deg wezwu.[19]. Akken id yettwaf uvirus-a deg yiẓẓan maca ar wayyur n meɣres zeddiɣ (mazal) Ur iban ara ma yettenṭaṭ s tarrayt n yimi d wadda.[20]

Turin gant d agman yettenṭerrayen yakk s waṭas acku avirus-a yettawaṭ ar ibniken s yinzim n uselket n angiotensinay 2 yettilin s tuget g uɣerɣur g turin. Dɣa avirus-a yessexdam apṛutin n yiẓid yettwasemma s Spike i wakken ad yennali (ad yeṭs) inzim w ad yekcem tabnikt tamsenubegt.[21] , Taneẓẓi n inzim ACE2 d tin yeqqnen deg yal aẓeṭṭa yakk d tassast (ccedda) n waṭṭan deg uẓeṭṭa-nni, Kra n imusnawen mmlen-d d akken tisidert (asedres) n urmmud n yinzim yezmer ad yili d taggaẓt, [22][23]. Maca tella tmuɣli n iden yeẓẓaren d akken timerniwt n yinzimen s usexdem n isafaren n Amgelnermas n ungiotensin II tezmer ad tili d tamaggaẓ (tḥerrez) maca tiẓraayyi srint ikayaden.[24]

Imusnawen ttɣilen d akken avirus-a d agaman u d waṭṭan aɣersaw n usagma.[25][26] Avirus n Covid-19 ineṭṭ-d i wemdan i tikkelt tamezwarut deg Wuhan (Tamurt n Ccinwa) deg ussan ineggura n wayyur n wamber 2019. Sin akin yuɣal d aɣbalu agejdan i yigem seg wemdan ar wemdan niden seg yennayer 2020.[27][28]

Igem amezwaru yella-d deg 17 wamber]] 2019.[29]. Seg 15 meɣres yettwalɣet s tilin n 67,790 n tignatin n waṭṭan deg Hubei gar-asen 3,075 uksen (mmuten) (s isig n 4,54%)[29]


Anṭaṭ ẓreg

Tarrayt n wenṭaṭ tagejdant tettili-d seg wemdan ar wemdan n iden s tikciyin timesgunefin am unezzu d tusut. Tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa txeddem g uskazal i wakken ad tẓer ma yella wenṭaṭ araskan d wenṭaṭ s tawla kecmen deg iɣunab n wenṭaṭ igejdanen.[30], ɣef wanect-a yessefk ad yili westum gar n yimdanen 1,5 ma drus i wakken ur yettenṭaṭ ara waṭṭan ma yenzi-d (iɛeṭs-d) kra n yiwen

Timiqwa yessawaṭen Kuṛunavirus tt-ɣamayen-t ugglent (ttwaɛelqen-t) deg uzwu i kra n wakud Kan sin akin ad ɣlint f kra am tgida (ṭṭabla) neɣ kra n tɣawsa ayen yettaǧǧan avirus-nni ad yenṭeṭ ma yeṭṭsa-t (imuss-it) kra n wemdan aladɣa ma yeṭṭsa imi-ynes neɣ allen-is neɣ inzaren-is send ma yessared ifassen-is s waman d userrad

Tasenvirust ẓreg

 
Tugna s umikṛuskub tesskanay-d avirus n SARS-CoV-2

SARS-CoV-2 d Kuṛunavirus yeqqnen ar timsedfert tamesguneft tukrizt tanamsadt, yettwasinef i tikkelt tamezwarut seg 3 n yimdanen yuɣ-iten waṭṭan n buturin yeqqnen s tagrawt n tegnatin n waṭṭanen imesgunfanen ukrizen deg Wuhan, dɣa d avirus-a id igellun s waṭṭan n Covid-19 .[31]

SARS-CoV-2 d win yettakken assaɣ untim i welsaru aẓaṛan n SARS-CoV anda imusnawen ttɣilen d akken-it iga d aṭṭan aɣressagma

Asefruret ẓreg

 
Tagertilt tesskanay-d timdinin n Ccinwa anda tenfufed deg-sent tignatin timezwura n urwas n Covid-19 di yennayer 2020

Asigged ẓreg

 
Tammihwa n tegnatin n Covid-19 yettusennefrun d Ccinwa[32]
 
Afimidi n tmekkisin s unect n tegrawin n waddar di Ccinwa. Isefka ayyi ttuɣalen ar wezmez n 11 fuṛaṛ 2020.[27]
 
Afimidi n tmekkisin s unect n tegnatin tidawsanin yemgaraden

Aṭas n teɣtas n Covid-19 mmugren-d uguren idawsanen yakan, isig n wakud gar n teflalit n isekna d tmekkast (lmut) yettusteg s 15 n wussan, maca s timmad yettili-d gar n 6 ar 41 n wussan, Deg tezrawt i texdem tesmilt taɣelnawt n tdawsa di Ccinwa, tufa-d d akken isig n tmekkast ɣer iwetmen yella-d 2,8% ma ɣer twetmin yella-d 1,7%, imuṭan s ddaw n 50 n iseggasen yella-d 0,5% ma d imuṭan yugaren 70 n iseggasen yewweṭ yisig ar ugar n 8%. Dɣa tilin n isnufal (dduzan) isnajjyanen d twetlin timettiyin d tdamsanin i temnaṭ zemren ad awin timlilin deg uguccel n yisig n tmekkisin.[33]

Akayad azeṭṭaw n tilam yettwakksen seg turin n imuṭan seld n tmekkast yessken-d attwaɣ aɣarɣur yenfufden.[34][35] Imusnawen ar tua ur ẓrin ara ma yella igem yezrin yettakk-d i wmaṭun affal seg waṭṭan seld n tujjya. Dɣa tulla (seɛɛu) n waffal d ayen yellan d amddwal s ugani n tkelli tarunawt n ivirusen imisniyen (ivirusen n Kuṛuna) niden, maca kra seg wid yejjin seg Covid-19 ufan-d igemmad isnidanen ilawen sin akin seld n tujjit.[36]. Akken i mazal ur yettwassen ara ma yella tilawt-a d tulsa (d aɛawed) n usegrew n yigem neɣ d azgel (lɣelṭa) seg usnidi.[37] Tadbelt n isgunfa n Hong Kong tufa-d tudra n ufimidi seg 20% ar 30% deg ukettaṛ n turin ɣer 2 neɣ 3 gar n 12 n yimdanen yejjin seg waṭṭan. Imuṭan-a yejjin d wid id yettcetkin seg wengaf (aḍiqi n nnefs) mi ara ad ilin teddun s tazzla. Ma d ikayaden n turin yemmugen ɣef 9 n imuṭan deg Asganfu n Princess Margaret sseknen-d d akken imekniten uttwaɣ deg yigmanen.[38] Deg tezrawt yemmugen ɣef warrac meẓẓiyen g Ccinwa (gar n tegnatin n Covid-19 yettwasentmen deg usnidi neɣ tegnatin anda yella ccek), ufan-d d akken arrac yakk yezmer ad ten-yaɣ waṭṭan s wemgarad n waddar-nse (leɛmuṛ-nsen) d tuzzuf-nsen. Gar n warrac imuṭan yakk 4,4% n tegnatin llant war isekna d 50,9 n imuṭan mmugren-d isekna fsusen d 38,8% mmugren-d isekna yemnummsen d 5,2% deg tegnatin tinamsadin. Ma d tignatin timekruzin (qessiḥen s waṭas) llant-d s ufimidi n 0,6%. Akken id tella yiwet n tegnit n tmekkast (lmut) i weqcic deg 14 n iseggasen deg tegrawt talsant anda idtella tezrawt-a.[39][40]

Afimidi n tmekkast s unect n waddar d tmurt

Addar (leɛmeṛ) 80+ 70-79 60-69 50-59 40-49 30-39 20-29 10-19 0-9
Ccinwa seg 11 fuṛaṛ[41] 14.8 8.0 3.6 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0
Ṭelyan seg 16 meɣres[42] 19.2 11.8 3.2 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
Kurya n unẓul seg 17 meɣres[43] 10.2 5.4 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Asuṭṭen ẓreg

Tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa tdewwen d akken akud n tefsirt ar uvirus alamma banen-d iskanen d win yettilin gar n 2 ar 10 n wussan. ،[44] neɣ seg sin n wussan ar 14 n wussan s unect n ammasen i wsenɣed d tesɣil ɣef waṭṭanen.[45]

Asennefru ẓreg

Tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa tfesr-d aṭas n ipṛutukulen i wkayar n Coronavirus amsetrar [46][47], Akayad n Tasedmirt tanmezrit n Polimiraz i wseskel amuli (rRT-PCR)

Zemren ad ilin ikayaden ɣef trawin n unagraw amesgunef neɣ n idammen [48] sin akin igemmad tt-biben-d seld n kra n tesragin neɣ n wussan

Asuji ẓreg

Seg 5 fuṛaṛ 2020, ur d-iban ara usuji i waṭṭan-a. Dɣa tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa tessemter (tweṣṣa) s uttekki n imaɣzalen deg yirramen imisiyen unɣiden i wkayad n tmellit d tɣellist n ussuji i zemren ad yili

Anfufed ẓreg

S unect n tsensakrart, isig n tmekkisin d waddaden n unfufed n waṭṭan-a ur yettwassnen ara, acku isig n uẓeddim d win yettbeddilen seg wakud ar wayeṭ. Acku daɣen isig n wenṭaṭ yettuzemren ad tettwissen zeddiɣ (mazal) Ur tban ara [49][50]. Ɣas yella-d akk wanect-a. Maca inigen imenza yemmugen ɣef waṭṭan amesgunef amekruz yeqqnen ar Coronavirus amsetrar 2019 sseknen-d d akken isigen n tmekkest (lmut) gant gar n 2 ar 3 % [51]. Yerna deg yennayer 2020 tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa temmel-d d akken isig n tmekkisin yella-d s wazal n 3% [52]

Tasensakrart ẓreg

Afimidi n tmekkasin (lmuta) n yimuṭan yegguni ɣef tilin n taggaẓt tadawsant d usegder n waddar (leɛmeṛ) d wuguren idawsanen imezrayen ɣer imezdaɣ, yakk d wumdan n tegnatin ur nettwasennefru ara. [53][54]. Tizrawin taddadanin timenza gucclent afimidi ayyi gar n 2% ar 3%, deg yennayer 2020 tebder-d Tuddsa Tamadlant n Tdawsa d akken isig n tmekkast yewweṭ ar 3%, d 2% deg fuṛaṛ 2020 deg uɣir n Hubei.[55]Taddadanin niden bedren-tt-d d akken isig n tmekkast yettwasrem (yettwabeddel) s unect n wemgarad n wakud n usentem n tujjit neɣ n tmekkast (lmut), am wuṭṭunen igan d 7% d 33% s wesnay i yimdanen deg Wuhan deg wass n 31 yennayer, yiwet n teftart n usenfar tessken-d 55 n tegnatin n tmekkast. Maca isazalen neɣ istigen izwaranen zemren ad ilin ssiɣlin deg-sen (rnan fellasen) acku ur tessekcem ara afimidi n yigimen yellan war isekna.[56]. Tazrawt-a testeg (tessazel) isig i wfimidi n yigimen ar tmekkasin s wazal n 0,8% ar 0,9%. [57]

[58]

  •  
    Aɣrud n tegnatin yettwasentmen
  •  
    Aɣrud n tmekkasin yettwasentmen
  •  
    Aɣrud n tegnatin yettwasentmen deg umadal alammi d 20 meɣres
  •  
    Aɣrud n tmekkasin yettwasentmen deg umadal alammi d 20 meɣres

Ẓeṛ daɣen ẓreg

Imniren ẓreg

  1. ↑ World Health Organization (February 11, 2020). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): situation report, 22 (PDF) (Report). Tuddsa tamadlant n tdawsa. Unknown parameter |azmez n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |akala n ufaylu= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ . doi:10.1101/2020.02.07.937862. Unknown parameter |azmez n tuwṭa= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |akala= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |aneggar= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |akala n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |amezwar= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azwel= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |tasniwin= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |tutlayt= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |aɣmis= ignored (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ↑ Talɣa:Asggayet s isali
  4. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  5. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  6. ↑ Talɣa:Asnagi s isali
  7. ↑ 7,0 et 7,1 Empty citation (help)
  8. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  9. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  10. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  11. ↑
  12. ↑ World Health Organization. hdl:10665/331444. Unknown parameter |azmez= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |adeg= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azwel= ignored (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ Talɣa:Vcite journal 
  14. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  15. ↑ Tuccḍa n temsisɣelt: Balise <ref> incorrecte : aucun texte n’a été fourni pour les références nommées :0
  16. ↑ "New Images of Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Now Available | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases". www.niaid.nih.gov. Retrieved 1 March 2020.
  17. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  18. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  19. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  20. ↑ Water Transmission and COVID-19 (CDC, accessed March 19, 2020) Archived 2020-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
  21. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  22. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  23. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  24. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  25. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  26. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2020-03-20. Retrieved 2020-03-26.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
  27. ↑ 27,0 et 27,1 Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  28. ↑ Talɣa:Asgayet s uɣmis akadim
  29. ↑ 29,0 et 29,1
  30. ↑ Talɣa:Amnir n web/fsus/afrensaw.
  31. ↑ ECDC (14 February 2020). European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): increased transmission beyond China − fourth update. ECDC (Risk Assessment): Stockholm; 2020. Archived 2020-02-15 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ↑ Roser M, Ritchie H, Ortiz-Ospina E (4 March 2020). "Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)". Our World in Data. Retrieved 12 March 2020. Unknown parameter |Akala n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez n ufaylu= ignored (help)
  33. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  34. ↑ Fang L, Karakiulakis G, Roth M (March 2020). "Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?". The Lancet. 395 (10224): e40. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30311-1. PMID 32171062.
  35. ↑ Talɣa:Amnir n y
  36. ↑ Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, et al. (2020). "Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study". The Lancet. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 32171076.
  37. ↑ Xu L, Liu J, Lu M, Yang D, Zheng X (March 2020). "Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections". Liver International. doi:10.1111/liv.14435. PMID 32170806.
  38. ↑ Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). World Health Organization (WHO), 16–24 February 2020 Archived 2020-03-20 at the Wayback Machine
  39. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  40. ↑ Ji Y, Ma Z, Peppelenbosch MP, Pan Q (February 2020). "Potential association between COVID-19 mortality and health-care resource availability". Lancet Global Health. 8 (4): e480. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30068-1. PMID 32109372.
  41. ↑ The Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Emergency Response Epidemiology Team. Unknown parameter |amaddad= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |akala= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez n tuwwṭa= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |Uṭṭun= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |akala n ufaylu= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azwel= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |tasniwin= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |azmez= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |aɣmis= ignored (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  42. ↑ Empty citation (help)
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  58. ↑ Cui P, Chen Z, Wang T, Dai J, Zhang J, Ding T, Jiang J, Liu J, Zhang C, Shan W, Wang S, Rong Y, Chang J, Miao X, Ma X, Wang S (27 February 2020). "Clinical features and sexual transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2 infected female patients: a descriptive study in Wuhan, China". MedRxiv (preprint). doi:10.1101/2020.02.26.20028225.
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